Combined type-writing and computing machine.



E. THOMAS & B. C. STICKNEY. UOMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION HLED JAN. 22. l9 l5.

1 i N T 8 R S ma Patented Jan. 28, 1919.

w $1M w y l,292y588a E. THOMAS & B. C. STICKNEY. cowmmn TYPE WRITING ANDCOMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 22. I915.

Patented Jan. 28, 191$).

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E. THOMAS 51 B. C. SHCKNEY- COMBINED TYPE wmme AND COMPUUNG MACHINE.APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2211915. 1%925538 Patented (1:111: 28, 1919 4SHEETS-SHEET 3.

mviwmys WITNESSES:

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E. THOMAS &- B. C. STICKNEYt comBmEn TYPE wmme AND compumc MACHINE.

APPLICATION HLED }AN.22,1915. 1,292,538, Patented Jan. 28, M31

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

ED'WAPJD THOMAS. OF NEW YORK. N. Y., AND BUENHAI/I C. S'IICKNIZY, OFELIZAEE'TIFH,

NE\V JERSEY, ASSIGNORS. BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS.

T0 UNDERWOCD COMPUTING- MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ACORPORATION 033 NEW YORK.

ODMBINED TYPE-WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

'1 v lessees.

Application filed January 22, 1915.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDWARD Tno'nfxs and Brianna)! C- STICKXEY. bothcitizens of the United States, said THOMAS residing in New York city,county and State of New York, and said t'i'rrcicxnr residing inElizabeth, county of Union, and State of New Jersey, have inventedcertain new and useful lmprovenients in Combined 'lypeslVriting andComputing lilachines ot' which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to computing and printing machines. and is hereindescribed as applied to a combined typewriting and adding machine of theUnderwood-llanson type, in which machine, the numeral keys of thetypewriter during the writing of numbers in an adding column. set upsuch numbers on a series of ilenominational meinhers or pin bars. Aftera number has thus been completely written, the number thus set. t p-iscarried into computing or adding vwheels which form a totalizer.

ln the operation ot mostv kinds in combined typewritiug and eomputinmachines, many kinds of errors are likely to occur, and the presentinvention is designed to either prevent certain kinds of such errorsfrom being made. or to make the tracing out or location of such errors aperfectly 0'bvious and easy operation. ()ne of the errors frequentlymade by tvpists in operating such machines is to set the machine forsubtraction and then to continue to leave the machine set at subtractionafter the subtraction has been completely finished. and an addingoperation should have been begun. (inc method oi making an error of thiskind perfectly obvious is to print all numbers subtriu't-ed in aditl'erent kind of type from those printed in an adding operation. inthe present disclosure. the dit terence between numbers printed inaddition and those printed in subtraction, is herein illustrated asshown by the size of type used Another form of error is the extremelyinsidious one of printing 11111I1- hers as though they were computedwhen they are not so computed. in the present disclosure, an error ofthis kind is indicated by the fact that a number printed in a computingcolumn, which is, in fact. not computed, is automatically printed inred, thus calling the attention of both the typist and Specification ofLetters Patent.

Serial No. 3.591.

of anyone who the fact that extraordinary.

Another source of error is due to the positioning oi. the carriage hythe colunm-solect mg key, of say the lirst column. when column hasalready been passed. In most machines hitherto made any colinnnscleotmgkey will be c'rleetive in some 'rregule. manner it it is depressor afterthe typewriter carriage has passed the column for which said key shouldbe'eli'ective. Accord mg to the present invention, connections may bemade whereby it is impossible to depress -a column-selecting kev afterthe column has been passed for which that ke should be ellectire.

Other features and advantages will here inafter appear.

In the. accompanying drawings.

Figure l. is a sectional side YlQW of an lhiderwood-Hanson combinedtvpewri and computing machine showing this inv" tion as applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a tragmentary perspective 'riew showing a few l vpe-bar headsand ill. adding and subtracting types thereon.

Fig. 3 a plan view of the eolunnrselect" mg keys.

Fig. 4 a view similar to l, but, showing a column selecting}; key de'nossed. and the machine eti'r ,tive to perform sub traction.

Fi 5 is a rear View or part of the colui iii-selecting mechanism showingespecially. the parts controlled by the typcwri or carriage. in saidview the third column-selecting key being etlec'tii'e. I

Fig. (3 is a skeleton perspective View showing more particularly theconnection: by ligures not computed in a computinu are written red. a

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic sectional side view or the parts shown in t3.

Fig. 8 is a plan ":I'W of the parts in Fig. 1 I

reads the printed matter, to the number is in some way 9 is a TlOll Tioi the. same.

lerwood-li anson coinl computing machine, 1 and numeral keys 2 depresslovers 3 to rock bell cranks l which are connected to swing type-bars 5upwardly and rearwardly again t. the trout side platen 6, mounted in acarria e 7. The an:

riage 7 travels step by step at each riage is controlled by saidescapement wheel througha rack 11 swingable on said carriage, butnormally meshing with a pinion 12 connected with said eseapement wheel.To permit said escapement wheel to turn, the dogs 8 and 9 are rocked ateach depression of a numeral key, by means of a universal frame 13,which is actuated by a heel 14 on each type-bar as it approaches theplaten. In addition to the above-describcd forward letter feed of thecarriage, the Underwood typewriting machine usually includes atabulating mechanism for rapidly positioning the typewriter carriage atany one of a number of selected letter-spaces. For this purpose, themachine is provided with decimal tabulating keys 15 mounted on the frontends of key levers 16, pivoted at 17, so that when any one of said keysis depressed, the rear end of its lever will rise and lift a plunger 18,so that the upper end thereof, forming a counterstop 19, will lie in thepath of any columirstop 20, which is ineffective position, said columnstops being adjustable along the rack bar 21, which ineludes teeth atletter-space intervals.

In the present machine, the mechanism is somewhat modified from theusual Underwood mechanism and is of the general'type illustrated in thepatent to Wernery, No. 1,108,415, August 25, 1914, and illustrated morein detail in the co-pcnding application No. 782,391, filed August 1,1913. In the mechanism illustrated in said patent and application, thecolumn stop bar 21 is normally raised so as to hold its stops 29 out ofthe reach of the counterstops 19 even when a counterstop is projected,as above described; the rack bar for this purpose comprising arms 22which are pivoted at on the typewriter carriage, thus permlttinga spring24 to normally hold said rack bar 1n its elevated position.

Whenever it is desired to perform the tabulating operation, it isnecessary in the present invention to depress both a decimal tabulitinpkey 15 and a column-selecting key 25, and the connections are such thatwhenever a column-selecting key is depressed, the rack bar 21 will beswung downwardly when the column stop 20 thereon approaches the propercolumn, with the result that the stop 20 then lies in the path of theelevated counter stop 19. In other words, the zone in which thetabulating is to be done must be first determined by thecolumn-selecting key 25 and then the particular letter-space in saidzone is determined by the decimal tabulatingkey 15, which in themeantime, has

. selecting key, will been depressed. In order to bring about thisresult the column-selecting keys 25 are ct normally are ineffective onthe rack bar 21,

but-which are each adapted to tension their own springs 29, withtheresult that when H the stop 20 arrives at the proper column, thespring 29 which is tensioned by its c0lumndepress the rack bar 21, thisbeing accomplished through connections to be described presently indetail, but which include a lever 30 comprising a roller 31, rolling onthe top of a plate 32, fast to said column stop rack bar 21; Whenever aspring 29 is thus tensioned, it tends to raise a slide I 33 on its bar28 and as soon as it can'raise said slide, the slide will rock the lever30 by means of a bail 34, which passes through slots 35 in all of theslides 33. This bail is fast to the rear end of the lever 30, which ispivoted on a shaft 36, and has a rearward extension 37 carrying saidbail. From this it will be seen that the depression of a given column orzone-selecting key 25 tends to make the slide 33 rise, and if said slidewere permitted to rise 30 would depress carry the column range of anyelevated counter-stop 19v and thus the first column stop 20 would arrestthe typewriter carriage by colliding with the elevated counter-stop 19.

In order to prevent this, the column stops 20 are adapted to operate aslidable locking bar 38 which prevents any slide 33 prematurely becomingeffective to move the column stops 20 within the range of thecounter-stops 19. This slidalile; locking bar is mounted in brackets 39and is normally at rest. t, however, is moved alon'g one step wheneverany column stop 20 passes the array of decimal tabulating counter-stops19, and for this purpose, the column stops 20, as they pass said arrayof counter stops, are adapted one after another, to hit and turn to theextent of one tooth, a slide-operating wheel 40, which therefore movessaid slid able locking bar one step whenever one of from at once, thelever the rack bar 21, so as to stops other on within the.

saidcolumn stops 20 passes said array of decimal stops 19.

I To do this, the wheel 40 is fast on a shaft journaled in an extensionof the framework memes shelf which normally overlies the lugs 13, therebeing one lug 4:3 on each slide 33. The shelf however, is interrupted atone point, or provided with a notch so that whenever the slidablelocking bar 38 occupies an appropriate position, it will permit one ofthe lugs 43 to slide upwardly through said notch, and therefore willpermit the slide 33 of which said lug forms a part, to be drawn upwardlyby its spring :29 and become effective on the bail 3 1, and therebydepress the rack bar 21, with the result that the column stop 20, atthat moment approaching the decimal counter-stops 19, is depressedenough to be intercepted by the elevated counter stop 19. This permitsthe carriage to be arrested at the zone which has been selected by thecolumn-selecting key 25 depressed at the moment because anycolumn-selecting key 25 tensions only its own spring 29.

In order to prevent any colunm-seleeting key from being depressed afterthe typewriter carriage has passed the zone in which said key issupposed to be effective, the bar 28, operated by said'key, is providedwith a locking lug 44, which howei'er is normally free to be elevatedupward. hen, however, the typewriter carriage has passed the zone inwhich any given column-selecting key 25 is to be effective, the lockinglug 4A belonging to that key, is prevented from being moved upwardly,because the slidable locking bar has, in moving along, carried a shelf45, forming part of siid slidable bar, above the lug 44- aforesaid, thusc=u-inpletely blocking the' colunnrselecting key until the typewritercarriage is returned to a point which moves the aforesaid locking bar 38to a point where it clears said locking lug 44. L

In order to prevent the typewriter carriage from being released from itsescapement mechanism to travel to a new column before anycolumn-selecting key is depressed, the decimal tabulating keys 15operate the usual carriage-release mechanism (described below) but arenormally held locked against being depressed by a swinging bail 46,which underlies ears 47 projecting upwardly from the levers 16 of saidkeys. This swinging bail 4G normally holds said key levers locked,because a spring 48 holds it rearwardly un der the overlying upper partsof the ears l7. \Vhen, however,- any colnmnselecting key 25 isdepressed, said bail is swung to ineffective position by means of anupwardly extending follower -19 on the key lever 26 of thecolumn-selecting key, and said ear cams the rocking bail 4(3 forwardlyclear of the cars 47, therebv freein all the decimal tabulating keys 15.

The carria 'e. 7 is freed from the. escapement mechanism in the usualmanner when any one of the decimal selecting keys 15 is depressed. Forthis purpose, the plungers 13 are provided with shelves 50 effective ona short universal bar 51 pivoted at 52, so that when any plun 'er 18 islifted, the front end of said universal bar draws down on a link 5%,thereby drawing down the rear end of a lever 55, so that the front endof said lever will lift, off the escapement piir ion 12, the rack bar 11by means of an idle wheel 56, which runs on the lower side of said rackba The computing mechanism of the Underwood-Hr nson machine illustratedherein, is, so fan as the principal operating}: parts are concerned, themachine known as the Underwood standard adding machine with subtractionattachment, and is illustrated in the application No. 797,714, filed()ctober 28, 1913 and application No. 626,550, filed May 11, 1911. Insaid machine, the nume al keys 2 of the typewriter, in a computingcolumn, set up on computation members 57 of the computing mechanismproper, the numbers written in any adding column, this being done bydepressing digit pins 58 on said computation members, there being onepin for each digit on each computation member 57, and the members 57being selected, one for each decimal space, by the typewriter -arriageas it travels from letter space to letter space.

To accomplish these results, the numeral keys 2 are provided with theusual pendants 59, which as they descend, are adapted to strike rockarms 60 fast on rock shafts 61, said shafts operatinnpin-settinglinkages 62 in the usual mannt for the Underwood- Hanson machine. Thesepin-setting linkages i32-comprise pin-setting bars 63 which normallymove idly, being out of alinement with thedigit pins 53, as shown inFig. 1. Vvhen, however, the typewriter carriage is in the adding zone, asettable tappet 64: thereon selects in the manner described in saidapplication 797,714, a computation bar 57 and shifts said bar so thatthe pins 58..

thereon stand in alinement with the pin-setting bars 63. If any numeralkey is depressed with the carriage in this column or decimal position,the key will set its corresponding digit pin 58 on the computation bar57, which for the moment, is held in effective position by thetypewriter carriage 7, through said tappet G4. The tappet 64 is normallyin ineffective position but in the proper zone is held effective by thesilencing roller 65 in the manner described in said application 797,714.When so elevated, the tappet. (Flis effective on a series of jacks 66,raising the front ends thereof, with the resuit that said jacks shiftthe computation members 57 to effective position by depressing rods 67on which the rear ends of the jacks 66 rest, said rods 67 beingeffective through the transposition device shown at (53, to move thecomputation members 57 one after another, to bring their pins toeflective' position under the pin-setting bars 63. The exact details ofthis structure form'no part of the present invention, but areillustrated in said application 797,714, and are of the type customarilyemployed in Underwood standard adding machines.

Themembers when set in the manner described in outline above, andrepresented by a series of depressed pins 58 are carried into thecomputing wheels 69 by means of a generaloperatoriricluding a cross bar70. This general operator 70 'may be hand-operated by the usual segment71, so as to slide forward, catch the bottoms of any depressed pins anddrive forward the computation bars 57,"with the result that the racks72,011 the forward ends thereof, turn'the computing wheels 69 to anextent determined by the pins depressed. On its return stroke thegeneral operator restores the rack bars, operates the carry-overmechanism, and r'estores the set pinsto their unset position in theusual manner.

Themachine includes. a subtraction device, so that-the operative maycause the machine to effect either addition or sub-' traction. For thispurpose, the machine is provided with a manually operable subtractionkey 73, which, when pushed in, rocks rcarwardly a rock' arm 74 fast on arock shaft75, said rock shaft also carrying a catch 76 When thesubtraction key 73 is pushed rearwardly, the catch 76 is rockeddownwardly by rotation of its shaft 75, thereby releasing a subtractionbar 77, so that said bar can be drawn rearwardly by a spring 78, settingthe machine for subtrac-. tion. In the present disclosure, the sub--traction device is of the kind known as complementary subtraction, whichis fully set forth in the application 797.714 above. re-

ferred to. At this point, it will suffice to state that the computingwheels 69Qalways turn in the same direction, and subtraction is causedon said wheels by shifting of the rock shafts 61 at the setting of thesubtraction bar 77, so that said rock shafts instead of engaging thepin-setting linkages G2 which they engage for addition, engage another Iset of pin-setting linkages, which however, operate the same pin-settingbars 63. At the same time, all the 9 pins 58 are set, The precise formof the subtraction device.

is immaterial to most features of the present invention, and thereforewill not be further described since it is fully described in applicationNo. 797,714.

Subtracti(upsetting may be obtained not only by the operation of thesubtraction'key 73, but. also by settable devices forming part of thecolumn-selecting keys For this purpose, each colmun-selecting keyincludes a revoluble head 79 which can be set to either addition orsubtraction, as is clearly shown by the plan view, Fig. 3. Each head 79is fast to a crank 80 pivoted to a link"81, which i j is adapted tooperate a subtraction setting interponent 82, there beingone'interponent on each columnselecting key' lever 26. 70 Theseinterponents 82 are shiftable along the rear ends of the key levers26013 the column-selecting keys 25' and are adapted to occupy either asubtraction position or another position which. may correspond'ls eitherto adding or to normal position. Whenever any'interponent 82 is insubtraction position, it will throw the subtraction bar 77 to effective'position whenever its column-selecting key 25 is depressed. For so thispurpose, there is provided a bail 83 overlying a place which theinterponents 82" would occupy when in subtraction position, said bailbeing-fast on a rock shaft 84:, with" the result that when anycolumn-selecting 35 key 25 is depressed to raise the rear end thereof,its interponent 82, if in subtraction position, will lift the bail 83,rock the shaft .St to which said bail is fixed and thereby rock a rockarm 85also fixed on said shaft. This rock arm 85 is joined by a link 86to the above-described rock arm 74, said arm 74,it will be remembered,being the one which throws the catch 76 to ineffective p osition, andthereby allows the SUblZIECtlODfiB bar 77 to become effective. I

7 From this brief description it will beseenthat any column-selectingkeymay be uti-- liaed to determine whether the machine shall add orsubtract in the particular column v for which that key is effective.When a subtraction operation is finished, the subtraction bar 77 isreturned to normal position by the general operator 7O wherethe catch 76 will again engage and hold it. -'l-he details for doingthis areimmaterial and are disclosed in the application 797,714,

above referred to, machines now in use. 7

Means are provided whereby when any column-selecting key is effective tocause subtraction, (or in fact'when' subtraction setting is obtained byactuating thesubtrac- 'tionkey 73), the typewriter is caused t6 prnt itsnumbers in some distinctive fash-- ion, which is herein shown as beinglarger.

figures than those employed for addition.

To bring about this result, the usual Under-v wood case-shift mechanism'is utilized. In-- said mechanism, the platen6'forms part of the usualshift frame which comprises a roller 87 riding on a rail 88, said railas usual, forming part'of a bell-crank 89 ivotcd at 90 at the rear ofthe machine. he

usual Underwood typewriting machine ineludes platen or case-shift keys91on the front ends of key levers 92, and said key levers at their rearends have upwardly extending arms 93 which are adapted to bear againstthe rear sides of the lower ends 94 and'are also found in theof thebell-cranks 89. Since the platen shift keys are pivoted at their rearends at 95, depression of the shift key will raise the bell-crank 80,thus lifting the platen shift frame with its platen 0, to upper caseposition, in which position, the upper case types (Fig. 2) are effectiveto print through the ribbon which through the ribbon vibrator 06,instead of the lower case types which usually print therethrough. Thismechanism is connected to be operated through the subtraction settinginterponents by a bell-crank 0T hav' an arm 98 which bears against therear side of the upper extension oi the platen shift key levers Thisbell-crank is operated by the subtraction interpouen't 82 through theabove-mentioncd hail 83 and rock shaft 84, and said rock shaft for thispurpose, has "fast thereon aroek arm 99 which is joined by a link 100 tothe belhcrank 97, with the result that when any columnselecting key 25depressed, and its subtraction interponcnt 82 is reflective, said linkis drawn down, thus depressing the platen shift key 91, and rising theplaten 6 to upper case position. When this is done, the platen islatched in its upper case position by the usual latch 101 which swingsso as to overlie a pin 102 last on the shift key lever 92, being drawnto such position by a. spring 103, coiled about the pivot on which saidlatch 101 swings. This holds the platen shift frame in upper caseposition so long as said latch is effective.

When a nun'iber has been completely written after depression of thesubtraction zone selecting key, the general operator moves forward tocarry the numbers written anl set up into the computing wheels 09 in theusual manner. This motion of the general operator serves to release theplaten shift key from the latch 101 and for this purpose, the generaloperator, which not only includes the bar 70 above described, .but alsoincludes the side bars 101, has fast to one of said side ha a cam 105which is adapted to strike and draw down a wrist or shaft 100 at thelower end oi a link 107, the upper end of which is pivoted to saidliiit'li 10. ll hen the general operator does this, it releases saidlatch, and thus the usual l mlerwood mechanism restores the platen tolower case printing position.

The link 10'? guided at its lower end by a guide link 1053, best shownin Fig. (l, as pivoted in the frame of the machine at 109, and pivotedto the wrist 106. The latch 101 may be the same kind of a latch which isused on certain types of standard Underwood typewriting machines, andincludes the usual handle 110.

According to the present invention, means are provided whereby numberswritten in the adding soon, if not computed, are written in red, thusmaking it clear that such numbers are not computed, to anyone. whoafterward even glances at the work-sheet. For this purpose, the usualbichrome mech anism of the Underwood typewriting machine is utilized.Said mechanism includes the usual ribbon vibrator 90 through which thebiclu-ome ribbon is threaded at the top. said bichrome being actuated bythe lever 112. This lever is adapted to be given various throws,according to the color of print ingdesired, and the color of theprinting is varied by the fact that the top or the ribbon. for example,as shown in Fig. 0, may be black, whereas the bottom of the ribbon maybe red. Thus a small throw oi" the lever 112 will cause black printing.and a larger throwwill cause red printing. The varying throw of thelever 112 is obtained by the usual bichrome actuator of the Underwoodmachine, said actuator being in the form oi an open box, best shown inFig. 0. as comprising a rear side 113-, a black printing side 114 and ared printin side 115. lhis actuator as usual. is mounted on theuniversal bar or frame 13, at the rear end thereof. and is shiftablesidewise on said frame by means of a link 110. for the purpose ofbringing either the side 114: or the side 115 in engagement with one orthe'otlicr o'l actuating plus 117 and 118. The side 11lhas a sloi in inwhich the pin 11? can work. and since said pin) is remote from the pivot119 about which the lever 112 works. said pin will give said lever 112 acomparatively small throw. The shape of this slot is best shown in 7where it appears that the slot vertical. and that its sides tit the'piu117 closely. The side 115 of the actuator box has a somewhat similarslot which actuatcs the pin 118. and since said pin is comparativelynear the pivot 119 of the lever 112, it will give said lever 112 acomparatively large throw. thus bringing the red stripe of tootypewriter ribbon to the printing point. The actuator box is slidablyheld in the usual manner on said universal bar or frame 13.

The red printing part of this mechanism is automatically brought intoplay whenever a number is written in a computing zone. but has beenwritten without properly opcr ating the column-selecting keys.

To bring about this .sult, this connection is herein disclosed asconnected to the column stops 20 of the typewriter, since these stopsare customarily used for selecting an adding or computing zone, and inthe present invention are used to an even greater extent. than in somemachines for said purpose. The column stops are clfective to determinewhether the machine shall write in red or black, by means or an arm 12-0pivoted at the rear of the machine. on which arm they are effectivethrough a cam 121 fast on said arm. The arrangement of the column stops1 and the cam 121 is such that if no column-selecting key 25 has trolshaft 122.

Fast on this shaft 122 is a rock arm 123, which has p1voted upon itsdepending lower end a forwardly extendlng cam-operating link 1241. Thislink operates a cam for the purpose of; compelling every numeralkey,when said cam is in its effective position, to shift the ribbon so thatthe printing will be done in red. This is effected by putting aribbon-shifting member 125 under the numeral keys of the typewriter,which is adapted to shift the above-described actuator 113 from itsnormal black-printing. po-

sition to a position in which it causes the printing to take place inred. It will be noted that the connections are such that thisribbon-shifting member 125 is operated only by the numeral keys of thetypewriter, with the result that the alphabet keys of the typewriter maywrite black in any column whereasthe numeral keys are compelled to writered in a computing column when the column-selecting keys'have not beenoperated. The purpose of such connections is described more fully below.

This ribbon-shifting member 125 is in the form of a bail havingupstanding arms 126.

one of which is adapted to lie under every numeral key,'tl1e interveningspaces being left for, the operation of the alphabet keys of thetypewriter. The bail'125 is splined on a transverse rock shaft 127, andis normally drawn by a spring 128 in sucha way that the upstanding arms126-arc clear of the numeral keys of the :typewriter. When, however, acolumn-selecting stop 20 strikes the cam 121, as described above, s asto shove the cam-operating link 124 forward, the link carries its cam129 forward, so as to thrustthe bail 125 sidewise by a pin 13 fastthereon. This thrusts said bail 125 so that the arms 126 thereon are intheir effective positions under the numeral keys. With the partspositioned thus, every time a nu-, meral key is depressed, at will rocksaid bail.

13 1, and shown in Fig. 6. These connections are such, therefore, thatthe ribbon connections normally stand so that they will print in black,but whenever a numeral key is operated, the ribbon shifts to red, if thecam 121 engages the column stop 20. The

color-control shaft 134 may be extended in front of the frame of thetypewriting machine, in order to enable the operative to control thecolor manually, and may be provided with a suitable key 138, whereby theribbon may be held down to print red when it would otherwise printblack. In order that the numeral keys need not print red in an addingzone, the cam 121 is so placed that when a column-selecting key swingsthe rack bar 21 downwardly, it carries every column stop 20 thereonbelow the level. of the cam 121, so that said cam is idle, and theconnections between the numeral keys and the color shift areineffective.

In order to make the equipment of the machine as simple as possible, thecolumn stops 20 may have their sides of two forms, or be unsymmetrical,as seen in Fig. 1, etc., one Side being cut away as seen at 140 (seeFig. 4e). lVhcn this cutaway side is uppermost, the cam 121 is alwaysentirely out of reach of the column stops, so that the machine, then,will write'normally in black in every column, or in any column in whichthe column stop 20 is appropriately set.

In setting up the machine for use with any given kind of forms, theoperative will put a tappet (54 at each zone in which computing is to bedone, and in alinement with said tappet will place a column stop 20 withthe side 140' downward, so that when the typewriter carriage arrives atthat zone by the normal -method of travel for typewriting machines, viz,by action of the escapement mechanism alone or by manual positioning ofthetypewriter carriage, the arm 120 will with the result that thedepression o1 a numeral key in that zone, under said circumstances, willshift the color printing to red. although .the depression of any otherkey will allow the machine to print in black, its normal color. On theother hand, as described above. bringing the typewriter car: riage to acomputing zone by actuation of the column-selecting keys. will preventsuch color shifting. Under these latter circumstances all keys writeblack.

The operative may place such. column stops 20 as are desired at anyother zone: but stopsin non-computing zones are placed with their sides110 uppermost, with the result that such steps are always ineffective onthe arm 120. sothat outside of the computing zones, the column stopswill be unable to shift the color in which printing is done. i i

From the above description, it will be seen that we have provided amachine in which the column-selecting keys automatically determinewhether addition or subtraction shall be done, and the machine alsoindicates in cry computing column whether the chancter written thereinrepresent narrative matter or computed digits.

Since-the'columns in which computation in is done are selectedexclusively by the tappets 64, it is unnecessary to provide any neutralposition for the column-selecting keys in the present form of theinvention, because, unless a tappet 64: is in position in a givencolumn, the numeral keys will be ab- ,r solutely ineffective on thecomputing mechanism.

The situation, from this point of view,

then, may be summed up by saying that the tappets 64 determine in whatcolumns computation can be done; the col-umnselecting keys determinewhat kind of computation shall be done, if computation is possible; andthe printing mechanism indicates by the color whether computation wasdone in a given column, or not.

(ertain specific features relating to bichrome mechanism and thetabulating and case-shift mechanisms, capable of use in typewritingmachines, have been made the subjecbmatter of divisional applications,No. 138,159, filed December 21, 1916, and No. 267,4?6), filed December19, 1918, pursuant to the requirements of the Patent ()ii'ice, and

have been separately claimed therein.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, andportions oi. the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described our invention, we

* claim:

1. In a computing machine, the combination with a registering mechanism,of printing means adapted to print in several columns either forcomputing or non-computing matter, column-selecting keys fordeterminingwhere such printing shall be done, means associated with saidkeys for determining whether the matter printed shall be computed in agiven manner or not, and

means also associated with said columnselecting keys for varying theprinting, so that the work-sheet will indicate whether digits printedare computed or not.

2. In a combined typewriting and 00111 puting machine, the combinationwith a traveling carriage and registering mechanism, of devices settableon said carriage for positioning said carriage and for determining inwhat column computing shall 59 be done, column-selecting keys forselectively positioning said carriage by certain of said devices, meansassociated with each columnselecting key for determiningvif themechanism shall add or subtract when computing is being done, and meansassociated with mechanism,

certain of the carriage-positioning" devices adapted to cause theprinting to show Whether computation was actually done or not.

3. The combination with typewriting of computing mechanism, saidtypewriting and computing mechanisms cooperating to effect a combinedtypewriting and computing action, the typewriting mechanism beingeflective to print in more than one color, to indicate different statesof the computing mechanism, said typewriting mechanism including atraveling carriage, alpha-bet keys and numeral keys arranged normally toprint in diii'erent colors, columnselecting keys for determining Zonesin which combined typewriting and computing actions may take place, andmeans under the control of said column-selecting keys for causing theprinting by all of said printing keys to be done in the same color.

4. The combination with computing mechanism, of typewriting mechanism,cooperating with said computing mechanism to effect av combinedtypewriting and computing action, said typewriting mechanism includingalphabet and numeral keys, a. key-operated printing mechanism forprinting in more than one color, a carriage, and column stops settableon said carriage to determine printing and computing zones, and aninterponent mechanism whereby said numeral keys are efiective on saidcolor-printing mechanism, to vary the relative color of the printing bysaid numeral keys with respect to the printing by said alphabet keys,according as to whether the numeral keys are acting to cause a.computing action of said computing mechanism or solely a typewritingaction.

5. The combination with computing Inechanism, of typewriting keys,including alphabet and numeral keys, said numeral keys be ing arrangedto operate said computing mechanism so as to cfi'ect a combinedtypowriting and computing action, printing mechanism operated by all ofsaid keys to print in more than one color, a traveling carriage, columnstops adjustable on said carriage, and connections operable by certainof said stops, effective to ena le said numeral keys to vary the colorof printing in accordance with the computing action or inaction, whileineffective to vary the color of printing by said alphabet keys.

6. The combination with computing-mechanism, of typewriting keys,including alphabet and numeral keys, said numeral keys being arranged tooperate said computing mechanism so as to eficct a combined typewritingand computing action, printing mechanism operated by all of said keys toprint in more than one color, a traveling can riage, a rack bar on saidcarriage, column stops adjustable on said rack bar, connections operableby certain ofsaid stops, effective to enable said numeral keys to varythe color of printing in. accordance with tl e computing action orinaction, while ineffective tovary the color of printing by saidalphabet keys, and means for shifting said rack bar so as to render saidstops melfecfive in determining the color of printing by said numeralkeys. 2

7. The combination with computing mechanism, of type'writing keysarranged to control said computing mcchanisnrso as to effect a combinedtypewriting and computing action, a traveling carriage, a variablecolor-printing mechanism cooperating with said keys and said carriage toeffect different color printing, column stops settable on saidcarriageto cause it to be arrested at computing zones and co'nnectibleto said.color-prmtmg mechan sm to change the colorof printing, andcolumn-selecting keys cooperating with said column stops to render saidcolumn stops ineffective on said colorprinting mechanism in a-computing'zone.

8. Thecombination with computing mechanism, of'typewriting keysconnected to operate said computing mechanism to effect a combinedtypewriting and computing action,

a traveling carriage, a variable color-printto operate said interponentmechanism, thus silencingthe control of said color-printing mechanismfrom said stops.

-9. The combination witheomputing mechanism, of typewriting keysconnected to controlsaid computing mechanism so as to effeet a combinedtypewriting and computing .action, a traveling carriage, color-printingmechanism cooperating with said keys and said carriage to effectprinting of diifcrcnt colors, column stops carried by aid carriageincluding stops normally determimng computing Zones, and interponcntniechanism.

operable by said stops to change the color of printing of some of saidkeys when said keys are operated solely for typewriting in a nor malcomputing zone.

'10. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combinationwith alphabet and numeral keys, of a variable color printing mechanism,a traveling carriage for selecting columns in which printing is done,types operated by said keys adapted to indicate whether computed numbersare added or subtracted, and column stops adapted to vary the printingso thatthe printed numbers indicate whether they are computed or not,and if computed how computed,.said stops ineffective to vary theprinting of the alphabet printed characters so that the alphabetcharacters may always read normally. I

11., In a combined typewriting and com put ing machine, the combinationwith alphabet and numeral printing keys adapted to print normally andabnormally, column-selecting keys adapted to determine how numbers shallbe computed and automatically effective at the same time to determinehow said printing keys shall rint, and column stops selectively made eective by said columnselecting keys adapted to cause said print ing tobe in an abnormal color unless the number printed in a computing columnwas actually computed.

12. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combinationwith alphabet and numeral printing keys adapted to print normally andabnormally, column-selecting keys adapted to determine how num- 'bersshall be. computed and automatically effective at the same time todetermine how said printing keys shall print, and column stopsselectively made effective by said column-selecting keys adapted tocause said printing to bein an abnormal color unless the number supposedto be computed was so computed, said column stops adapted to occupyeither of two positions, in one of which they are effective to cause thecolor-print. ing to be abnormal, and in another position they are not"so effective.

13. In a typewriting machine,*the combination with alphabet and numeraltypes, of

a printing ribbon whereby the types are adapted to print normally in onecolor. connections whereby said numeral types normally print in adifferent color in a limited number of predetermined columns, acomputing device, and means whereby when said:

device is made effective to properly compute at said predeterminedcolumns the numeral types print everywhere in the same coloras thealphabet types.

14:. In a 'typewritin'g machine, the combination with alphabet andnumeral types, of

a traveling; carriage, means whereby said types mayv print in either oftwo c0lors,-a. computing device, devices adapted to be set on saidcarriage to enable'it'to be simultaneously brought to a proper positionand cause said computing device to be connected to said numeral keys,and means whereby failure to make said settable devices cficc tive willcause the numeral types to print in an abnormal color in a. givencolumn.

15. In a typewritmg machine, the combination with alphabet and numeralprint ns k y of mputing devices operable thereby, means whereby saidkeys may print in either of two colors, devices whereby the printing mayfurther indicate what kind of computation is being done,column-selecting keys for making said indicating devices effective,connections for altering the color of said printing of the numeral keysonly to indicate whether the computing devices are properly connectedwith said keys, and means operated by said column-selecting keys formaking said indicating connections ineffective when the proper columnselecting key is operated.

16. In a typewriting machine including a carriage, the combination withalphabet and numeral keys and types operated thereby, of a computingdevice, devices settable on said carriage to enable said carriage to berapidly positioned and the numeral keys to be simultaneously connectedto operate the computing device, means associated with certain of saidsettable devices for automatically changing the color of printing,column-selecting keys, and connections therefrom to operate thecolor-changing means to make said means ineffective.

17. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combinationwith a registering mechanism and a traveling carriage, ofolumn-selecting keys for positioning said carriage and for shifting themechanism from addition to subtraction, typewriter keys connected forcomputing in said register, two kinds of type operated by saidtypewriter keys, means controlled by said column-selecting keys fordetermining which type shall be effective, and means adapted to becontrolled by positioning said carriage for determining in what colorthe printed matter shall be printed by the typewriter keys. 7

18. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combinationwith a registering mechanism and a traveling carriage,

of column-selecting keys for positioning said i carriage and forshifting the mechanism from addition to subtraction, typewriter keysconnected for computing in said register, two kinds of type operated bysaid typewriter keys, means controlled by said column-selecting .keysfor determining which type shall be effective, a polychrome ribbondevice to enable the type to print in a plurality of colors, columnstops for cooperat ing with said column-selecting keys and settable onsaid carriage; and connections operable by said stops to shift saidribbon device to determine in what color the printing shall be done.

19. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combinationwith a traveling carriage, of computing mechanism devices adapted tobring the carriage tn a computing column and automatically cause themechanism to be efiective to subtract, a case-shift mechanismautomatically made elfective by said subtraction setting, and means formaking said case-shift mechanism ineffective by completing thecomputation of a given number.

EDWARD THOMAS. BURNHAM O. STICK ,EY.

Witnesses:

W. O. WESTPHAL, JULIUS Duonscrmr

